兴义民族师范学院学报

示证范畴是表达信息来源及可信度的重要语法手段，苗语的示证范畴主要利用词汇手段来实现，并非使用语气助词和语法化手段进行示证标记，故称示证策略。苗语示证策略是一个句法—语用范畴，并没有语法化为语法范畴，只能通过词汇、句法结构等来表达。根据Aikhenvald的示证范畴研究，结合苗语的语言事实，可将苗语示证策略系统分为一般广义示证系统和特殊广义示证系统，其中一般广义示证包括感知示证系统、推测示证系统、报道示证系统和无标记示证系统四类，这些系统类型都以动词接小句来表达示证意义；特殊广义示证即痕迹示证系统。同时论文还从语用、示证语标记来源及其进化路径等方面描述了苗语示证策略的特征。

As an important grammatical means of expressing the source and credibility of information the evidential category of Miao dialect is mainly achieved through lexical means, rather than mood particles and grammaticalization methods for evidential marking, hence it is called evidential strategy. Its evidential strategy is a syntactic-pragmatic category which has not grammaticalized,and can only be expressed through lexical items, syntactic structures, and other means. According to Aikhenvald's study on the category of demonstration, combined with the linguistic facts of Miao, the demonstration strategy system of Miao dialect can be divided into general and special generalized demonstration systems. The general generalized demonstration system includes four types: perceptual,speculative, reporting, and unmarked systems, all of which express the meaning of demonstration through verbs followed by clauses,while special generalized evidence system is also known as a trace evidence system. And the characteristics of this demonstration strategy from the perspectives of pragmatics, the sources of evidence markers, and their evolutionary paths are also described in this paper.